Horumarka degdega ah ee dhaqaalaha dalkeena, gaar ahaan kobaca xawliga ah ee warshadaha macdanta, dhalada iyo wax-soo-saarka sannadahan dambe, ayaa waxaa sii kordhaya baahida koronto.Waxaa ka mid ah, qalabka dib-u-habaynta foornada dhalaalka ee inta jeer ee dhexdhexaadka ah waa mid ka mid ah qalabka korantada ee ugu weyn, laakiin sababtoo ah soosaarayaasha intooda badani waxay yareeyaan kharashka alaabta mana rakibaan tas-hiilaadka tignoolajiyada xakamaynta, korantada dadweynaha ee hadda jirta ayaa si aad ah u wasakhaysan sida cimilada hawada.Hadda garaaca wadnaha waxay yaraynaysaa habaynta, gudbinta iyo ka faa'iidaysiga tamarta korantada, kululaynta qalabka korantada, waxay sababtaa gariir iyo buuq, dahaarka da'da, waxay gaabinaysaa nolosha adeega, iyo xitaa waxay keentaa guuldarro ama gubasho.Harmonics-ku waxay sababi karaan resonance is bar-bar yaac ah oo maxalli ah ama resonance taxane ah ee nidaamka korantada, si ay u ballaadhiso nuxurka is-waafaqsan oo keenaya in capacitors gubo iyo qalab kale.Harmonics waxay kaloo sababi kartaa inay si khaldan u shaqeeyaan ilaalinta gudbinta iyo aaladaha tooska ah waxayna jahawareeriyaan cabbirada tamarta.Harmonics ka baxsan nidaamka korontada ayaa si dhab ah u faragelin kara qalabka isgaarsiinta iyo qalabka elektaroonigga ah.
Foornada korantada ee inta jeer ee dhexdhexaadka ah waa mid ka mid ah ilaha iswaafajinta ee ugu weyn ee culeyska korantada, sababtoo ah waxaa loo beddelaa inta jeer ee dhexdhexaadka ah ka dib hagaajinta.Harmonics-ku waxay si dhab ah u khatar gelinaysaa hawlgalka badbaadada leh ee xadhkaha korantada.Tusaale ahaan, hadda isku-dhafan waxay keenaysaa khasaare dheeraad ah oo birta vortex-ka sare ah ee Transformer-ka, taas oo keeni doonta in Transformer-ku uu kululaado, hoos u dhigo mugga wax-soo-saarka transformer-ka, kordhinta qaylada transformer-ka, khatar weynna u gelin doonta nolosha adeegga beddelka .Saamaynta isku dhejinta ee qulqulka iswaafajinta waxay yaraynaysaa is-goysyada joogtada ah ee kirishbooyada waxayna kordhisaa luminta khadka.Korantada Harmonic waxay saamaysaa shaqada caadiga ah ee qalabka kale ee korantada ee shabkada, taasoo keenta khaladaadka shaqada ee qalabka xakamaynta tooska ah iyo xaqiijinta cabbirka aan saxda ahayn.Voltage harmonic iyo hadda waxay saameeyaan hawlgalka caadiga ah ee qalabka isgaarsiinta durugsan;korantada ku meel gaadhka ah iyo korantada ku meel gaadhka ah ee ay sababto is-waafajinta waxay dhaawacdaa lakabka dahaadhka ee mishiinada iyo qalabka, taas oo keentay ciladad wareegyada gaaban ee saddexda weji ah iyo waxyeelo soo gaadhay transformers;danab iswada leh iyo Qadarka hadda socda waxa uu sababi doonaa dhawaaq taxane ah oo qayb ah iyo dhawaaq isbarbar socda shabkada korantada dadweynaha, taas oo keenta shilal waaweyn.Inta lagu jiro habka loo hoggaansamo isbeddelada joogtada ah, waxa ugu horreeya ee laga helo DC waa sahayda korantada mawjada labajibbaaran, taas oo u dhiganta superposition of harmonics-sare.Inkasta oo wareegga dambe loo baahan yahay in la shaandheeyo, isku-dhafka sare ee isku-dhafka ah si buuxda looma sifeyn karo, taas oo ah sababta abuurista harmonics.
Waxaan naqshadeynay filtarrada hal-toossan ee 5, 7, 11 iyo 13 jeer.Kahor magdhowga shaandhaynta, qodobka awooda heerka dhalaalka foornada korantada ee inta jeer ee isticmaaluhu waa 0.91.Ka dib marka qalabka shaandhada la geliyo shaqada, magdhowgu ugu badnaan waa 0.98 capacitive.Kadib socodsiinta aaladda magdhowga shaandhada, wadarta heerka qallooca danabku (qiimaha THD) waa 2.02%.Marka loo eego heerka tayada korantada GB/GB/T 14549-1993, qiimaha isku dhafka danabku (10KV) wuxuu ka yar yahay 4.0%.Kadib shaandhaynta 5th, 7th, 11th iyo 13th harmonic current, heerka shaandhaynta waa ilaa 82∽84%, taasoo gaareysa qiimaha la ogolyahay ee heerka shirkadeena.Saamaynta shaandhada magdhowga wanaagsan.
Sidaa darteed, waa in aan falanqeyno sababaha is-waafajinta oo aan qaadno tillaabooyin lagu xakameynayo is-waafajinta nidaamka sare, taas oo muhiim u ah hubinta badbaadada iyo hawlgalka dhaqaalaha ee nidaamyada awoodda.
Marka hore, sababta harmonics ee foornada inta jeer ee dhexdhexaadka ah
1. Harmonics waxaa soo saara culeysyo aan toos ahayn, sida toosiyeyaasha silikon kontorool, beddelidda sahayda tamarta, iwmTusaale ahaan, hagaajinta saddex-waji ee lixda garaaca wadnaha ah waxay inta badan soo saartaa harmonics 5th iyo 7th, halka saddex-waji 12-pulse rectifier inta badan soo saaro harmonics 11th iyo 13th.
2. Sababo la xiriira iswaafajinta ay abuuraan culeyska rogaha sida foornooyinka soo noqnoqda ee dhexdhexaadka ah iyo beddelayaasha, ma aha oo kaliya harmonics isku dhafan, laakiin sidoo kale harmonics jajab ah oo soo noqnoqonaya laba jeer inta jeer ee beddelka.Tusaale ahaan, foornada soo noqnoqda ee dhexdhexaadka ah ee ka shaqeysa 820 Hz iyadoo la adeegsanayo saddex-waji oo lix-pulse rectifier ah waxay dhalinaysaa ma aha oo kaliya 5th iyo 7th harmonics, laakiin sidoo kale harmonics jajab ah ee 1640 Hz.
Harmonics-ku waxay la nool yihiin shabkada sababtoo ah koronto-dhaliyeyaasha waxay abuuraan xaddi yar oo harmonics ah.
2. Waxyeellada harmonics ee foornada inta jeer ee dhexdhexaadka ah
Isticmaalka foornooyinka soo noqnoqda ee dhexdhexaadka ah, tiro badan oo harmonics ah ayaa la soo saaraa, taas oo keenta wasakheynta khatarta ah ee korontada.
1. Harmonics-ka sare wuxuu dhalin doonaa koronto ama koronto.Saamaynta kor u kaca waxa ay tilmaamaysaa wakhtiga gaaban ee ka sarreeya (hoose) ee nidaamka, taas oo ah, garaaca garaaca degdega ah ee danab aan ka badnayn 1 millise seconds.Wadnahani wuxuu noqon karaa mid togan ama taban, wuxuuna yeelan karaa taxane ama dabeecad oscillatory ah, taasoo keenta in qalabku gubto.
2. Harmonics waxay yaraysaa gudbinta iyo ka faa'iidaysiga tamarta korantada iyo qalabka kulaylaha, waxay abuurtaa gariir iyo buuq, waxay ka dhigtaa cidhifyada da'da, waxay yareeyaan nolosha adeegga, iyo xitaa cillad ama gubasho.
3. Waxay saamaysaa qalabka magdhowga tamarta falcelinta ee nidaamka korontada;marka korantada ay ku jirto harmonics, korontada korantada ayaa kor u kacda ka dib marka la geliyo capacitor-ka, iyo hadda iyada oo loo marayo capacitor ayaa sii kordhaya, taas oo kordhisa lumista korantada ee capacitor.Haddii waxa ku jira garaaca wadnaha uu sarreeyo, capacitor-ku waxa uu noqonayaa mid xad-dhaaf ah oo la raro, kaas oo kululayn doona capacitor-ka oo uu dedejin doonaa qallafsanaanta alaabta cidhifka ah.
4. Tani waxay hoos u dhigi doontaa xawaaraha iyo nolosha adeegga qalabka korontada waxayna kordhin doontaa khasaaraha;waxay si toos ah u saamaysaa awoodda isticmaalka iyo heerka ka faa'iidaysiga transformerka.Isla mar ahaantaana, waxay sidoo kale kordhin doontaa buuqa Transformer-ka waxayna si weyn u gaabin doontaa nolosha adeegga transformer-ka.
5. Meelaha ay ka jiraan ilo badan oo is-waafajin ah oo ka mid ah korontadu, xitaa tiro badan oo burbur ah oo gudaha iyo dibadda ah ayaa ka dhacay qalabka elektiroonigga ah, iyo capacitors ee saldhigga ayaa gubay ama jabay.
6. Harmonics waxay sidoo kale sababi kartaa ilaalinta gudbinta iyo cilladda qalabka tooska ah, taasoo keentay jahawareer xagga cabbirka tamarta.Tani waa bannaanka nidaamka korontada.Harmonics waxay sababaan faragelin ba'an oo ku timaada qalabka isgaarsiinta iyo qalabka elegtarooniga ah.Sidaa darteed, hagaajinta tayada tamarta foornada soo noqnoqda ee dhexdhexaadka ah waxay noqotay diiradda ugu weyn ee jawaabta.
Saddex, habka xakamaynta foornada inta jeer ee dhexdhexaadka ah.
1. Hagaajinta awoodda gaaban ee wareegga gaaban ee barta isku xirka dadweynaha ee shabakada korantada waxayna yareysaa is-waafajinta nidaamka.
2. Mag-dhawga hadda jira ee isku-dhafan wuxuu qaataa shaandhada AC iyo filtarrada firfircoon.
3. Kordhi garaaca garaaca garaaca qalabka beddelka si ay u yareeyaan harmonic hadda.
4. Ka fogow dhawaaqa capacitors barbar socda iyo naqshadaynta inductance nidaamka.
5. Qalabka xannibaadda-sare ee isdaba-joogga ah wuxuu si isdaba-joog ah ugu xiran yahay xariiqda gudbinta korantada ee DC-ga si loo xakameeyo faafinta harmonics-sare.
7. Dooro habka fiilooyinka beddelka ee wanaagsan.
8. Qalabku wuxuu u qaybsan yahay sahayda korontada, waxaana lagu rakibay qalab shaandhayn.
Afar, qalabka foornada inta jeer ee dhexdhexaadka ah ee xakamaynta
1. Aaladda shaandhaynta dadban ee Hongyan.
Qalab shaandhaynta dadban ee HongyanIlaalintu waa resistor taxane ah oo capacitor ah, shaandhada dadban waxay ka kooban tahay capacitor iyo resistor taxane ah, hagaajintuna waxay ku xidhan tahay ilaa xad.Inta jeer ee gaarka ah, loop impedance hoose ayaa la abuuraa, sida 250HZ.Kani waa shaandhada shanaad ee harmonic.Habka ayaa magdhow kara labadaba harmonics iyo awoodda falcelinta, waxayna leedahay qaab dhismeed fudud.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, khasaaraha ugu weyn ee habkan waa in ay magdhow ay saameeyeen impedance ee grid iyo gobolka shaqada, iyo waa ay fududahay in resonate si la mid ah nidaamka, taasoo keentay in amplification harmonic, xad-dhaaf ah iyo xataa waxyeelo soo gaadhay crystal dareere ah. filter.Culayska aad u kala duwan, way sahlan tahay in loo keeno magdhow ama magdhow dheeraad ah.Intaa waxaa dheer, waxay kaliya magdhabi kartaa harmonics soo noqnoqda go'an, iyo saameynta magdhowgu maaha mid ku habboon.
2. Qalabka shaandhada firfircoon ee Hongyan
Shaandheeyayaasha firfircooni waxay sababaan qulqulka is-waafajinta ee baaxadda le'eg iyo ka-hortagga wejiga.Hubi in hadda ku yaala dhinaca korantada uu yahay mawjad sine ah.Fikradda aasaasiga ah waa in la abuuro hadda magdhow ah oo leh awood la mid ah kan culeyska hadda jira oo beddelo booska, oo laga saaro magdhowga hadda ee culeyska culeyska si loo nadiifiyo hadda garaaca wadnaha.Tani waa habka baabi'inta iswaafajinta alaabta, iyo saamaynta shaandhaynta ayaa ka fiican filtarrada dadban.
3. Ilaaliyaha Harmonic Hongyan
Ilaaliyaha harmonic wuxuu la mid yahay falcelinta taxanaha capacitor-ka.Sababtoo ah xannibaadku aad ayuu u hooseeyaa, hadda ayaa halkan ku qulquli doona.Tani dhab ahaantii waa kala-soocidda impedance, markaa hadda is-waafajinta ee lagu duray nidaamka asal ahaan waa la xalliyaa.
Ilaalada harmonic waxaa badanaa lagu rakibaa qalab jilicsan hortiisa.Waxay yihiin alaab tayo sare leh oo kontorool ah, kuwaas oo iska caabin kara saameynta qulqulka, nuugista 2 ~ 65 jeer harmonics sare, iyo ilaalinta qalabka.Xakamaynta iswaafajinta nidaamka xakamaynta iftiinka, kombiyuutarada, telefishinada, qalabka xakamaynta xawaaraha mootada, sahayda korantada ee aan kala go'in, qalabka mashiinka CNC, hagaajinta, qalabka saxda ah, iyo hababka xakamaynta elektaroonigga ah.Dhammaan kuwan iswaafajinta ah ee ay abuuraan qalabka korantada ee aan tooska ahayn waxay sababi karaan fashil ku yimaada habka qaybinta laftiisa ama qalabka ku xiran nidaamka.Ilaaliyaha iswaafajinta wuxuu baabi'in karaa iswaafajinta ilaha tamarta, wuxuuna si toos ah u baabi'in karaa iswaafajinta nidaamka sare, buuqa soo noqnoqda, garaaca garaaca wadnaha, qulqulka iyo carqaladaha kale ee qalabka korantada.Ilaaliyaha harmonic wuxuu nadiifin karaa korontada, wuxuu ilaalin karaa qalabka korantada iyo qalabka magdhowga qodobbada korontada, wuxuu ka ilaalin karaa ilaaliyaha inuu shil u dhaco, ka dibna wuxuu ilaalin karaa hawlgalka badbaadada leh ee qalabka korontada ee dhulka sare.
Waqtiga boostada: Abriil-13-2023